{"id":2326,"date":"2011-05-02T09:20:54","date_gmt":"2011-05-02T02:20:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nano2.toolsmkt.com\/?p=2326"},"modified":"2011-05-02T09:20:54","modified_gmt":"2011-05-02T02:20:54","slug":"inverting-a-standard-experiment-sometimes-produces-different-results","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/inverting-a-standard-experiment-sometimes-produces-different-results\/","title":{"rendered":"Inverting a Standard Experiment Sometimes Produces Different Results"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Some prior experiments that studied the toxicity of nanoparticles may be invalidated due to an overlooked detail of experimental design, according to Younan Xia, a scientist at Washington University in St. Louis, United States.\u00a0 <!--more-->Standard laboratory tests of the biological activity of nanoparticles and their toxicity rely on the ability of scientists to quantify the interaction between the nanoparticles and the cells, particularly the uptake of nanoparticles by the cells.\u00a0 In these tests, cells are plated on the bottom of a dish and a culture containing nanoparticles is poured on top of them.\u00a0 Xia began to wonder if it would make a difference, in his experiments with gold nanoparticles, if the cells were upside down \u2013 would it change their uptake rate?\u00a0 \u201cPeople assumed that if they prepared a suspension, the suspension was going to have the same concentration everywhere, including at the surface of the cells,\u201d says Xia.\u00a0 Xia\u2019s team found that nanoparticles above certain sizes and weights, in both standard and upside-down set-ups, will settle out, thus the concentrations of nanoparticles near the cell surfaces are different from those in the bulk solution, and cellular uptake rates are higher.\u00a0 \u201cStudies on the cellular uptake of nanoparticles that have been conducted with cells in the upright configuration may have given rise to erroneous and misleading data, \u201c the team wrote in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.\u00a0 \u201cAll earlier work may need to be re-evaluated to account for the effects of sedimentation on nanoparticle dosimetry,\u201d the authors conclude.\u00a0 According to Xia, \u201cIt\u2019s no different from medicines that have to be shaken to suspend a powder in a water. If you don\u2019t shake the bottle, you end up under- or overdosing yourself.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/news.wustl.edu\/news\/Pages\/22241.aspx\">http:\/\/news.wustl.edu\/news\/Pages\/22241.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some prior experiments that studied the toxicity of nanoparticles may be invalidated due to an overlooked detail of experimental design, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology-update"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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