{"id":29280,"date":"2010-10-19T09:20:36","date_gmt":"2010-10-19T02:20:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nano2.toolsmkt.com\/?p=731"},"modified":"2010-10-19T09:20:36","modified_gmt":"2010-10-19T02:20:36","slug":"single-molecule-sorter-offers-ultimate-level-of-separation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/single-molecule-sorter-offers-ultimate-level-of-separation\/","title":{"rendered":"Single-molecule sorter offers ultimate level of separation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology and  the University of Tokyo have provided a proof-of-concept demonstration  of the world&#8217;s first &#8220;single-molecule level separation and correction&#8221;  of biomolecules.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div><a title=\"Schematic view and fluorescent images showing single-molecule sorting of three sizes of single DNA molecules. A one-dimensional single molecular stream is created in a nanochannel network by the size-exclusion effect of the nanochannel; only a single molecule can pass into the nanochannel at any given time. Each single molecule is sequentially identified and switched to an appropriate outlet channel. The team programmed the system to cause the 15.0-kbp DNA to flow to the left channel A, the 33.5-kbp DNA to the middle channel B and the 48.5-kbp DNA to the right channel C.\" href=\"http:\/\/images.iop.org\/objects\/ntw\/journal\/9\/10\/3\/image1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Single-molecule sorting into left, right and middle channels\" src=\"http:\/\/images.iop.org\/objects\/ntw\/journal\/thumb\/9\/10\/3\/image1.jpg\" alt=\"Single-molecule sorting into left, right and middle channels\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<a title=\"Schematic view and fluorescent images showing single-molecule sorting of three sizes of single DNA molecules. A one-dimensional single molecular stream is created in a nanochannel network by the size-exclusion effect of the nanochannel; only a single molecule can pass into the nanochannel at any given time. Each single molecule is sequentially identified and switched to an appropriate outlet channel. The team programmed the system to cause the 15.0-kbp DNA to flow to the left channel A, the 33.5-kbp DNA to the middle channel B and the 48.5-kbp DNA to the right channel C.\" href=\"http:\/\/images.iop.org\/objects\/ntw\/journal\/9\/10\/3\/image1.jpg\">Single-molecule sorting into left, right and middle channels<\/a><\/div>\n<p>Separation and separation-based analysis of molecules are  fundamentally important techniques in chemistry, biotechnology, etc.  With these techniques, though, issues concerning accuracy, sensitivity  and resolution regularly arise.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a separation accuracy of 99% may be improved to  99.9% or 99.99%. An accuracy of 100% is not possible, in what seems an  everlasting problem. This situation exists because conventional  separation techniques intrinsically involve stochastic processes (mutual  interaction between the separation column and analyte). Is there any  way to realize 100% accuracy?<\/p>\n<h3>Single-molecule system<\/h3>\n<p>One of the possible answers is to use a single-molecule system.  Theoretically, then, it can be surmised that ultimate accuracy,  resolution and sensitivity should be realized using single-molecule  technology that detects and manipulates only a single molecule one by  one and thus does not depend on stochastic processes any more.<\/p>\n<p>To prove the concept, the team has proposed and experimentally  demonstrated a &#8220;single-molecule sorter&#8221; that identifies, separates and  corrects individual single-molecules one by one, using DNA as a sample  molecule.<\/p>\n<h3>Nanofluidic network<\/h3>\n<p>The single-molecule sorter was created using a nanofluidic network  consisting of a single inlet channel that branches off into multiple  outlet channels. It includes two major functional elements: a  single-molecule identification element and a flow path switching element  to accurately separate single-molecules.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers hope to expand the application of single-molecule  sorting to comprehensive sorting of all proteins from a single cell in  the future. They also believe that other types of single-molecule-based  processes will emerge and find use in a wide variety of applications.<\/p>\n<p>Full details can be found in the journal <em>Nanotechnology<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"aboutTheAuthor\">\n<h3>About the author<\/h3>\n<p>Takatoki Yamamoto is an associate professor at the Department of  Mechanical and Control Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology,  Tokyo, Japan. He is currently exploring nanofluidic systems for  single-molecule sensing and manipulation, and application of these  systems for life sciences, together with the development of  nano-fabrication technology. Teruo Fujii is a professor at the Center  for International Research on MicroMechatronics (CIRMM), Institute of  Industrial Science, University of Tokyo. His research interests include  microfluidics and its applications.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Source:<span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"> http:\/\/nanotechweb.org\/cws\/m\/1873\/284783\/article\/lab\/43923<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology and the University of Tokyo have provided a proof-of-concept demonstration of the world&#8217;s first [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology-update"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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