{"id":3111,"date":"2011-09-23T11:42:52","date_gmt":"2011-09-23T04:42:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nano2.toolsmkt.com\/?p=3111"},"modified":"2011-09-23T11:42:52","modified_gmt":"2011-09-23T04:42:52","slug":"producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/","title":{"rendered":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have announced a record efficiency of 18.7 percent for flexible solar cells. <!--more-->The breakthrough is the result of control of the energy band gap grading in the copper indium gallium (di)selenide semiconductor (CIGS), which is the layer that absorbs light and converts it to electricity. The team used a novel low-temperature deposition technology, and controlled the vapor flux of elements during different stages of the evaporation process for growing the CIGS layer, to achieve this level of efficiency. Ayodhya N. Tiwari, who leads the research team, said, &#8220;We have thus shown that this low-temperature process is also applicable on low-cost metal foils such as aluminum or Mild-steel, achieving comparably high-efficiency cells and indicating a severe cost reduction potential with this technology.&#8221; Their work has been published in the journal Nature Materials.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2011\/09\/110921131729.htm\">http:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2011\/09\/110921131729.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have announced a record efficiency of 18.7 percent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology-update"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientists at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have announced a record efficiency of 18.7 percent [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"National Nanotechnology Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Author user\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Author user\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Author user\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/54985d672de7577f5123522535b02e1e\"},\"headline\":\"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":157,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Technology Update\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/\",\"name\":\"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"National Nanotechnology Center\",\"description\":\"NANOTEC\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"National Nanotechnology Center\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Nanotec-2-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Nanotec-2-logo.png\",\"width\":1332,\"height\":391,\"caption\":\"National Nanotechnology Center\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/54985d672de7577f5123522535b02e1e\",\"name\":\"Author user\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Author user\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nanotec.or.th\\\/en\\\/author\\\/thaispo\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center","og_description":"Scientists at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, have announced a record efficiency of 18.7 percent [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/","og_site_name":"National Nanotechnology Center","article_published_time":"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00","author":"Author user","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Author user","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/"},"author":{"name":"Author user","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/54985d672de7577f5123522535b02e1e"},"headline":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency","datePublished":"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/"},"wordCount":157,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Technology Update"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/","name":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency - National Nanotechnology Center","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-09-23T04:42:52+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/producing-flexible-cigs-solar-cells-with-record-efficiency\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Producing Flexible CIGS Solar Cells With Record Efficiency"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/","name":"National Nanotechnology Center","description":"NANOTEC","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#organization","name":"National Nanotechnology Center","url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nanotec-2-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Nanotec-2-logo.png","width":1332,"height":391,"caption":"National Nanotechnology Center"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/54985d672de7577f5123522535b02e1e","name":"Author user","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f49d9160cb81f15d70c8049f3079047f5480a64c3a547344af5b52101068fc3b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Author user"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en"],"url":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/author\/thaispo\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3111"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3111\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nanotec.or.th\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}